Associations of Irisin with Blood Pressure, Central Obesity, and Hypertension Duration

Background: Irisin is a myokine recently linked to blood pressure and fat metabolism. However, its role in essential hypertension without comorbidities and its relationship with body fat and hypertension duration remain inadequately defined. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the association between serum irisin and blood pressure, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and hypertension duration in otherwise healthy, middle-aged hypertensive adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 95 adults aged 40–65 with hypertension, excluding those with comorbidities. Blood pressure, anthropometric data, medication use, and physical activity were assessed. Serum irisin was measured using ELISA. Correlation and regression analyses were performed; a P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Serum irisin levels showed no significant differences by age (p = 0.865), sex (p = 0.735), physical activity (p = 0.584), or hypertension duration (p = 0.567). In the early middle-age group, irisin was a significant negative predictor of systolic (SBP: β = –0.380, p = 0.008) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP: β = –0.332, p = 0.032), and positively associated with waist-to-hight ratio (WHtR: β = 0.341, p = 0.022), which was the only significant predictor of serum irisin. Males in the late middle-aged group had higher irisin levels than females. Among younger participants, irisin (β = –0.380, p = 0.008) and waist circumference (β = 0.408, p = 0.005) were significant predictors of blood pressure. Conclusions: Serum irisin is inversely associated with blood pressure (BP), and positively with WHtR, independent of hypertension duration and physical activity, highlighting its potential role in cardiovascular risk modulation among hypertensive adults

Keywords: Irisin, Blood Pressure, Waist-Height ratio, Middle-Aged Adults, Hypertension Duration.